Cardiovascular Surgery in Türkiye | MPGCARE
Cardiovascular surgery treats selected conditions of the heart, arteries and veins. An operation is considered after diagnosis, assessment of individual risk and comparison with medical or catheter-based alternatives. MPGCARE coordinates records and appointments at Medical Park and Liv Hospital in Türkiye; the receiving hospital’s physicians make clinical decisions and confirm the team, technique and service scope.
The following conditions and procedures describe possible clinical pathways, not services available at every center. Tests are selected for the individual; robotic, minimally invasive, hybrid and complex operations require specific center and surgeon confirmation.
Heart surgery: conditions and operations
| Condition / procedure | Symptoms and surgical options | Assessment and important points |
|---|---|---|
| Coronary artery disease — coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) | Selected narrowed or blocked coronary arteries may need grafts to create another route for blood. Discuss exertional chest discomfort, breathlessness and prior stents; new/resting chest pain needs urgent care. | ECG, echocardiogram, coronary angiography/images and selected laboratory/risk assessment. Medicines or PCI may be alternatives. On-pump, off-pump or selected smaller-incision CABG depends on anatomy and team expertise; bypass does not remove underlying atherosclerosis. |
| Aortic valve stenosis or regurgitation | Breathlessness, chest discomfort, fainting or reduced exercise tolerance may occur. Surgical repair in selected regurgitation cases or valve replacement may be considered. | Echocardiography, sometimes transesophageal echo/CT and coronary assessment. A Heart Team compares surgery, selected transcatheter replacement (TAVR) and monitoring. Mechanical versus tissue valve choice includes anticoagulation, durability and future procedures; no single option suits everyone. |
| Mitral valve regurgitation or stenosis | Breathlessness, fatigue or palpitations; suitable valves may be repaired, while others need replacement. | Echo and selected transesophageal imaging define cause and heart effects. Selected catheter repair or balloon procedures are cardiology options. Repair feasibility, prosthesis choice and anticoagulation/follow-up are discussed individually. |
| Tricuspid valve disease | Leg/abdominal swelling and fatigue may reflect right-heart problems; repair or replacement is considered in selected cases. | Echo, right-heart/organ assessment and selected further imaging. Timing, associated left-sided disease and liver/kidney function affect the decision; catheter options require a specialist team. |
| Thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection | An aneurysm may be silent; root/ascending/arch repair or selected endovascular treatment depends on the affected segment. Dissection can be an emergency. | CT angiography or MR/echo as appropriate; size, growth, symptoms, genetic/family history and anatomy guide decisions, not one universal threshold. Sudden severe chest/back pain or fainting needs immediate local emergency care. |
| Atrial fibrillation — selected surgical ablation (maze) | Palpitations or fatigue; surgical ablation may be considered with another heart operation or in selected specialist cases. | ECG, rhythm recordings and echo; cardiology/electrophysiology assess medicine and catheter alternatives. Rhythm recurrence and stroke prevention still need follow-up; do not stop anticoagulants after an apparently successful procedure without advice. |
| Infective endocarditis with surgical indications | Fever with valve infection may cause heart failure or embolic complications. Selected patients need infected tissue removal and valve repair/replacement alongside antibiotics. | Blood cultures, echo and selected further imaging; infectious-disease/cardiology/surgical coordination. This can require urgent local hospital treatment rather than planned international travel. |
| Cardiac masses, including selected myxomas | An imaging-detected mass may cause obstruction or embolic symptoms; not every mass is a malignant tumor. Surgery depends on its nature and location. | Echo, selected CT/MRI and pathology when tissue is obtained. The team evaluates thrombus and other alternatives; surgical scope and imaging surveillance are individualized. |
| Congenital heart disease in adults | Selected septal defects, residual lesions after childhood surgery or valve/aortic problems may need repair; some defects are monitored or treated by catheter. | Previous operation records, echo and selected MRI/CT/catheter studies in an adult congenital team. Pediatric heart surgery is a separate service with age/center confirmation. |
| Advanced heart failure — specialist surgical evaluation | Persistent severe symptoms despite appropriate treatment may prompt evaluation for selected mechanical support or transplantation. These are not routine services at every hospital. | Heart function, exercise capacity and organ/overall suitability assessment by an advanced heart-failure team. Eligibility, legal/program requirements and actual center access must be confirmed; lifelong specialist follow-up may be needed. |
Vascular surgery: arteries, veins and access
| Condition / procedure | Symptoms and surgical options | Assessment and important points |
|---|---|---|
| Abdominal aortic aneurysm — open repair or EVAR | Often found on imaging; selected cases need open graft repair or an endovascular stent graft. Sudden severe abdominal/back pain or collapse is an emergency. | Ultrasound/CT angiography, growth, symptoms, anatomy and surgical risk. EVAR is not suitable for all anatomies and needs long-term imaging for leaks or device problems; open repair also has individual risks. |
| Peripheral artery disease — bypass or other revascularization | Walking pain, rest pain or nonhealing foot wounds. Medicines, smoking cessation, exercise and wound care remain important; selected severe disease may need bypass, endarterectomy or catheter treatment. | Pulses, ankle-brachial index, duplex and selected CT/MR/angiography. A suddenly cold, painful or weak limb needs emergency local assessment. Graft surveillance and diabetes/foot care continue after surgery. |
| Carotid artery stenosis — selected endarterectomy | Some patients with narrowing of a neck artery may benefit from surgery; many require medical management. Stroke symptoms or transient loss of vision/weakness need urgent assessment. | Duplex and selected CT/MR angiography, prior symptoms and overall risk. Endarterectomy, selected stenting and medicines are compared; surgery is not routine for every asymptomatic narrowing and cannot guarantee prevention of stroke. |
| Varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency | Leg heaviness, swelling, skin changes or ulcers; selected reflux may be treated by endovenous ablation, phlebectomy or surgery. | Venous duplex identifies reflux and other causes. Compression and wound care are individualized, especially with arterial disease. Discuss clot, nerve/skin injury and recurrence; sudden unilateral swelling needs assessment for DVT. |
| Hemodialysis access — fistula, graft and revision | Patients needing dialysis may require an arteriovenous fistula/graft or revision of an existing access. Choice depends on vessels and dialysis planning. | Vessel examination/ultrasound mapping and coordination with nephrology. Access may fail to mature, clot or reduce hand circulation; dialysis use, monitoring and further procedures require a written plan. |
What We Do
Consultation reviews symptoms, examination, existing diagnoses and treatment. ECG, echo, imaging and blood tests are chosen to answer specific questions; angiography and surgery are separate invasive steps with their own indication and consent. A surgeon, cardiologist and other relevant specialists assess operative benefit, alternatives and individual risk, including bleeding, infection, rhythm problems, stroke, organ injury and death.
Which surgical method is appropriate for me?
The team considers anatomy, disease severity, heart function, prior operations, frailty, other illnesses and your preferences. A smaller incision, off-pump approach or robotic system is not automatically safer or better. Ask why the proposed method suits your case, whether a standard/open approach may be needed and whether the named surgeon and center routinely perform it.
Confirm the center, team and clinical scope
Before travel, confirm the hospital and surgeon, exact procedure, available equipment, anesthesia and intensive-care team, blood-bank support and the response plan for complications. Ask whether catheter or hybrid procedures need another specialist. Written clinical planning should describe the operation, prosthesis/graft when relevant, associated procedures, hospital reviews and follow-up responsibilities.
Which records should I prepare?
Send dated cardiology and surgical summaries, ECG, echo reports and original available images, angiography/CT/MRI DICOM files, previous stent/valve/graft details and discharge reports. Include current medicines/doses, anticoagulants, allergies, kidney/lung disease, diabetes, prior stroke and current symptoms. MPGCARE confirms a secure submission channel and translation needs; the hospital decides whether tests must be repeated.
Hospital stay, accompanying person and early recovery
ICU and ward needs and discharge timing depend on the operation, baseline health and recovery; no fixed stay or rapid recovery is promised. Confirm monitoring, wound care, mobilization, rehabilitation assessment and who reviews unexpected symptoms. Check visitor/companion rules separately for ICU and ward, room arrangements, interpreter needs and whether an adult caregiver is needed after discharge. Discharge does not itself mean fitness for international travel.
Who decides whether I can travel?
The treating surgeon/cardiologist assesses medical stability and fitness for the proposed road or air journey, both before arrival and after treatment. Ask for a written travel plan; ongoing complications may delay travel. Airlines may require medical clearance/MEDIF and approve oxygen or assistance separately. Confirm route, mobility, caregiver/escort needs and a contingency plan; MPGCARE coordinates arrangements but does not grant medical clearance.
Preparation and follow-up in your country
Only the receiving team provides individual written fasting, medicine and anesthesia-preparation instructions; never stop anticoagulants or diabetes medicines yourself. Before leaving, obtain the operation/discharge report, medication plan, wound/activity guidance, warning signs and review schedule. Agree on a local cardiologist/vascular specialist, cardiac rehabilitation and who reviews echo/vascular imaging; mechanical valves may require ongoing INR monitoring, while grafts/devices require appropriate surveillance.
Urgent symptoms versus a routine appointment
New or persistent chest pain, severe breathlessness, fainting, sudden severe chest/back/abdominal pain, stroke signs or a cold painful limb require urgent local care. After surgery, worsening breathlessness, major bleeding, new neurologic symptoms or rapid deterioration need emergency assessment; fever, draining/red wounds or increasing swelling require prompt contact with the treating team. Do not wait for an international appointment or transfer.
Goals and long-term care
Surgery may improve selected symptoms or reduce particular risks, but results vary and further procedures can be needed. Continue the individualized medication, rehabilitation and risk-factor plan. Confirm how complications, an inadequate result and future reviews will be managed; no cure, permanent result or guaranteed recovery is offered.
Contact MPGCARE to organize your records and request a cardiovascular surgery assessment tailored to your situation.
Medical information sources: NHLBI / NIH · ESC / EACTS · Society for Vascular Surgery · UK Civil Aviation Authority
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